The city has the venues, the schools, the rent and the reputation. What it does not have is geography, a single arts ministry, or a stable bylaw. A diagnosis of why the most-mythologized indie scene in North America still spits out a handful of breakouts per decade.

From Hanna, Alberta to Burlington, Ontario — the bands that turned Canadian radio into a flannel-and-distortion factory between 1994 and 2007, and what the critics did to them on the way out. By the mid-1990s Canada had a Bryan Adams problem and a Tragically Hip problem — too much success funneled into two national lanes, […]